✅ The meaning of boist, Pierre Claude Victoire in the dates of birth and death of famous people. Pierre Boist: aphorisms, quotes, sayings

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Pierre Buast

Creator of a universal dictionary of the French language

The 'Universal Dictionary of the French Language' became a kind of 'magnum opus' of Pierre Boiste;
this large-scale work has long been considered the best of its kind. Only 60 years after the first edition of Boist's dictionary, the first volumes of Littre's dictionary went into print; Before this, no one had encroached on the primacy of Buast’s work. Pierre-Claude-Victor Boiste (1765 – 04/24/1824) – French scientist, compiler of dictionaries. He is best known as the compiler and editor of the 'Universal Dictionary of the French Language' ('Dictionnaire universel de la langue française'), published in 1800.

Buast studied in Goële; He initially studied law and even acted as a practicing lawyer for some time. After some time, however, Buast left his practice and took up publishing. He managed to found a fairly successful enterprise; however, by 1800 Pierre was forced to retire. Health problems forced Buast to retire; he lived the rest of his days in the countryside, near Ivry-sur-Seine. In retirement, Buast studied linguistics and literature; in total, during this period he published 5 major works.

The most famous of Pierre Boiste's works is undoubtedly his universal dictionary of the French language. This truly worthy work was first published in 1800; in total, before 1866 it was reprinted 15 times. Of course, no editors would have helped Boist’s work endlessly maintain first place in the list of French dictionaries; In the end, lexicographers were found who managed to create works no less worthy.

In 1863, Émile Maximilien Paul Littré began publishing a dictionary of the French language; later, the dictionary of Pierre Athanase Larousse also enjoyed great popularity.

Critics in their reviews of Boiste's work particularly noted the huge amount of processed information. The book included all possible pronunciations and spellings of existing words, precise definitions and different meanings; Buast carefully analyzed the possible shades or nuances of semantic meanings. The dictionary could be used not only for 'everyday' purposes - the author included in it many special terms from a wide variety of sciences, crafts and technical fields; There were both native French terms and relatively new borrowings. Buast worked a lot in processing the works of his predecessors - his dictionary contained many references to authoritative sources.

Of course, there were also complaints about Buast's dictionary. Pierre Larousse noted in 1866 that Buast’s work was truly impressive, and that his brainchild was noticeably superior in richness and volume to the dictionary of the French Academy (Académie Française). At the same time, Larousse noted that in many cases the author did not pay enough attention to elaborating all possible meanings, used many abbreviations that were unclear out of context, and left too much for the reader to figure out. In general, according to Larousse, Boiste's vocabulary was a 'skeleton' of a language, demonstrating the structure of an object and containing a basic framework, but devoid of everything that is not included in the basic framework.

It is interesting that the dictionary at one time almost cost Boiste at least his freedom, if not his life itself. In 1805, the lexicographer was arrested by representatives of the imperial police; Boiste was accused of insulting Emperor Napoleon (Napoleon Bonaparte) - Pierre allegedly called the emperor 'spoliateur' (robber, predator). Buast failed to explain himself, for which he was imprisoned in the Conciergerie prison. Only with the help of two members of the Institute of France (Institut de France) was it possible to understand what had happened - as it turned out, Buast simply quoted one of Napoleon’s speeches as an illustration of the female form of the mentioned insult.

Pierre Buast died on April 24, 1824.

World Encyclopedia of Aphorisms. A collection of wisdom from all peoples and times

Boist Pierre Claude Victoire

(1765–1824)

French lexicographer, moralist, philosopher. Author of a universal dictionary of the French language, a literary dictionary.

Analysis is a moral dissection of a corpse: it acts only by destroying.

A poor man enjoys a rose in his window better than a rich man in his extensive gardens.

Without a woman, the dawn and evening of life would be helpless, and her noon would be joyless.

Ugliness dresses up in fashionable clothes invented by him, from which beauty becomes ugly.

A chatty person is a printed letter that everyone can read.

Fighting public opinion is fighting windmills.

The future is a canvas on which the imagination embroiders according to its whim, but its drawing is never true.

Be thrifty: lack of money often produces a lack of intelligence, and more often a lack of honesty.

There are life situations in which misfortune gives the right to immortality.

In higher positions, as well as in extremely elevated areas, people experience dizziness.

In love, as in nature, the first cold is most sensitive.

In political games, unlike the game of blind man's buff, only a few see everything, and everyone else has blindfolds over their eyes.

In revolutionary storms, people barely fit to row an oar take control of the rudder.

In relationships of the heart, as well as in the seasons, the first cold spells are the most noticeable.

Great people, like stars, often attract attention only when they are eclipsed.

The greatest proof of a woman's affection is the sacrifice of fashion.

It is more likely to achieve happiness by waiting for it at home than by searching.

At all times and everywhere, various quackeries have imposed a tax on ignorance, fear and gullibility.

War is a process that ruins those who win it.

Universal peace is as impossible as the immobility of the ocean.

Where everyone is equal, no one is free.

The stupid upstart seems to have climbed a mountain from where everyone seems small to him, just as he himself seems small to others.

The voice of a clear conscience is more pleasant than a hundred voices of glory.

There is much more merit in being able to overcome vices than in not having them.

Rudeness may hide a good heart, but it repels and makes one prefer flattering hypocrisy.

A nobleman without merit is a vessel that only has a label.

Childhood strives for life, adolescence tastes it, youth revels in it, mature age tastes it, old age regrets it, decrepitude gets used to it.

In order to judge the real importance of a person, one must assume that he died, and imagine what a void he would leave behind: few would survive such a test.

Good and evil are two rivers that have mixed their waters so well that it is impossible to separate them.

Virtue is an integral part of happiness.

Virtue finds more admirers than imitators.

The only way to make a people virtuous is to give them freedom; slavery gives rise to all vices, true freedom purifies the soul.

If all human desires were fulfilled, the globe would become a living hell.

If you have had a good upbringing, do not fraternize with ill-bred people: rough surfaces will scratch the gloss.

If love makes fools smart, then it makes smart people very stupid.

If you can't keep your promise, then don't make it.

If a person has no goal, then his life is nothing more than a prolonged death.

If a person sometimes does not control his feelings, he must always control his expressions.

There are people with whom it is easy to get along: they require nothing from society except ears to listen to them.

The thirst for gold, power and pleasure produces bloodthirsty people.

Marriage is a lottery: everyone hopes to win big.

A woman would be in despair if nature created her the way fashion makes her.

Life is a mountain that you have to climb while standing and come down while sitting.

Life is nothing more than a long series of efforts to bring yourself happiness.

Life is a sloping plane along which a person slides between two abysses.

The conqueror is a madman who begins by ruining his own subjects in order to have the pleasure of ruining the subjects of others.

Borrowing is not much better than begging, just as lending at exorbitant interest rates is not much better than stealing.

A healthy mind sees only one path and follows it; the mind sees ten roads and does not know which one to choose.

Evil critics, like some insects, search in the sewage.

Gold is the blood of the social body; the citizen who does not have it, as well as the one who has too much of it, are both diseased parts of this body.

From a distance, the world appears to be a bouquet of colorful flowers; up close it is nothing more than a thorn bush.

Excessive knowledge leads to indecision; the blind man walks straight ahead.

Some writers resemble magicians who pull whole arshins of ribbons out of their mouths.

Exceptional laws are legalized despotism.

The art of listening is almost equivalent to the art of speaking well.

Truth is for fools like a torch in the midst of fog: it shines without dispersing it.

Truth is like a coquette, allowing only a glimpse of some of its charms to its seekers in order to excite them even more.

True happiness for us is a negative thing: it consists in the absence of disasters.

Historical novels were born from truth raped by lies.

History presents only endless vicissitudes: peoples who alternately conquer, then are conquered, now oppress, now are oppressed, now plunder, now are robbed.

The source of true knowledge is in facts.

Look for people whose conversation would be worth a good book, and books whose reading would be worth a conversation with philosophers.

Every extravagance of a rich man is theft from the poor.

Every conqueror is a madman who begins by ruining his subjects in order to have the pleasure of ruining others.

No matter how short life is, we live long when we think a lot.

Vows of love prove its impermanence: true friendship does not pronounce them.

When we fall asleep in the arms of peace, then fate deals us mortal blows.

When they cannot soar with their thoughts, they resort to a high syllable.

When superstition penetrates the head of a people, it leaves there a stock of nonsense for many centuries.

A beautiful woman dies twice.

Beautiful women are often like big cities, easy to win but hard to keep.

He who speaks sows, he who listens reaps the harvest.

Those who ask fate only for what is necessary often receive from it what is unnecessary.

Flattery destroys women more than love.

False promises of heaven have made millions of people worthy of hell.

A flatterer is like a snake that licks its prey for a long time before swallowing it.

Lovers can love each other before they know each other; spouses must get to know each other before they can fall in love.

Lovers, like courtiers, lie to each other.

Lovers carefully hide their shortcomings; spouses show them too often in front of each other.

Mediocre people are always burdened with a mass of non-existent difficulties, far-fetched imaginations and imaginary threats.

People are like coins: you must accept them at their value, no matter what stamp is on them.

People are like words: if you don't put them in their place, they lose their meaning.

Weak, unjust, passionate people mix strength with violence.

People who think money can do everything are themselves capable of doing everything for money.

There are few writers who, having reached the age of sixty, would not want to cross out what they wrote at twenty or even at thirty.

Melancholic people can be kind and irritable: they have a sense of good and evil.

Petty people do not move forward like a snail, they crawl, looking, stopping, and bumping into all sorts of objects.

Many women died as martyrs of fashion, which forced them to sacrifice modesty to nakedness.

Many thoughts that we found brilliant turned pale in the bright light of printing.

Numerous definitions of happiness only prove that it is unfamiliar to us.

Fashion is the tyrant of women and veils.

Fashion is a cruel deity to which mothers sacrifice even their children.

End of introductory fragment.

Aphorisms

Without a woman, the dawn and evening of life would be helpless, and her noon would be without joy.

There were martyrs of error, but their death did not yet transform it into truth.

In matters of taste there can be no proof.

Great people, like stars, often attract attention only when they are eclipsed.

The great business of legislation is to create the public good out of the greatest number of private interests.

The greatest proof of a woman's affection is the sacrifice of fashion.

In misfortune, which we ourselves are the cause of, all the bitterness of misfortune lies in the fact that we have to admit that we deserve it.

Military rule leads to despotism.

The war will last as long as people are foolish enough to be surprised and help those who kill them by the thousands.

War is a process that ruins those who win it.

War is a political cancer that corrodes the body of the most powerful states.

Time is motionless, like a shore: it seems to us that it is running, but, on the contrary, we are passing.

Time is the most skillful doctor: it heals the disease or takes it away with us.

Time often kills those who try to kill it.

Anything that appeases a guilty conscience harms society.

The most difficult thing to fight and eradicate is the evil that is committed under the guise of good.

Universal peace is as impossible as the immobility of the ocean.

All pleasures become insipid if deprivation of them does not give them new charm.

A general who has never experienced failure is not experienced enough.

Heroes defeat their enemies, a great man defeats both his enemies and himself.

Heroes, like works of art, seem greater through the space of centuries.

Heroic souls do not have a body.

The main and greatest ignorance is ignorance of ourselves.

The voice of a clear conscience is more pleasant than a hundred voices of glory.

Chasing literary fame is like running naked among a swarm of wasps.

There is much more merit in being able to overcome vices than in not having them.

A grammarian can be a very bad writer; a good author is a bad grammarian.

The effectiveness of medicine is weakened by unbelief and strengthened by hope.

Democratic despotism can be the most intolerable: it produces tyrants.

Despotism is the lot of degenerate nations; they deserve it and are exposed to it without feeling it.

Despotism is a false belief, the mystery of which is to enclose the whole nation in one man.

A despot prefers to show mercy than to show justice.

A despot likes mediocrity in his subjects.

Childhood strives for life, adolescence tastes it, youth revels in it, mature age tastes it, old age regrets it, decrepitude gets used to it.

In order to change minds, you must first change hearts.

Virtue finds more admirers than imitators.

Bad taste testifies to the inferiority of the soul.

Mental pleasures lengthen life as much as sensual pleasures shorten it.

If all human desires were fulfilled, the globe would become hell.

If a person has no goal, then his life is nothing more than a prolonged death.

If a person never controls his feelings, he must always control his expressions.

There are two moralities: one is passive, prohibiting doing evil, the other is active, which commands doing good.

If the will does not allow reflection, repentance will certainly follow.

If you have had a good upbringing, do not fraternize with ill-bred people: rough surfaces will scratch the gloss.

If we do not always have the power to fulfill our promise, then it is always in our will not to give it.

If violence is the right hand of politics, then cunning is its left hand.

Excessive knowledge leads to indecision; the blind man walks straight ahead.

True happiness for us is a negative thing: it consists in the absence of disasters.

People who think money can do everything are themselves capable of doing everything for money.

The varied definition of happiness shows that it is unfamiliar to us.

Silence does not always prove the presence of intelligence, but it proves the absence of stupidity.

Wisdom desires approval only to ensure that she has done well; Vanity demands praise.

Courage is the strength to resist; courage—to attack evil.

No matter what kind of stilts we take, we cannot do without our legs.

A people infected with superstition is incurable and becomes the prey of charlatans of all kinds.

Do not make an idol out of a child: when he grows up, he will require many sacrifices.

Education is a treasure, work is the key to it.

Individual thoughts are like rays of light, which are not as tiring as those collected in a sheaf.

Helpful truths should be spoken and repeated as often as possible.

The limits of science are like the horizon; the closer one approaches them, the more they move away.

Simplicity is consciousness of one's human dignity.

The torch of truth often burns the hand of the one who carries it.

The heart lives in the present, the mind in the future: that is why there is so little agreement between them.

A skeptic is like an eccentric looking with a flashlight to see if the stars are shining.

Solitude with a book is better than company with fools.

Mental pleasures lengthen life just as much as sensual pleasures shorten it.

What is fake never lasts.

A person is human only through reflection.