Text of the book “Proverbs, sayings and popular expressions”

Aphorisms

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Aphorism

(Greek aphorismos - short saying), a generalized, complete and deep thought of a certain author, expressed in a laconic, polished form, distinguished by precise expressiveness and obvious unexpectedness of judgment. Like a proverb, an aphorism does not prove or argue, but influences consciousness with the original formulation of a thought. The expressiveness of an aphorism increases as the number of words decreases. Aphorisms are born both in the context of scientific, philosophical, artistic works, and independently. The verbal fabric of the aphorism does not tolerate any changes. >>>

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Wisdom: quotes, aphorisms, proverbs, sayings

From the author

Realizing that young people in their early adult lives make many mistakes due to a lack of life experience and wisdom, I decided to collect wise sayings of scientists, philosophers, writers, statesmen and public figures on certain life issues, so that later, when they grow up , pass these statements on to my grandchildren.

The commandment is: learn from the mistakes of others, not your own.

I hope that, having become acquainted with my notes, they will be a little wiser, smarter and more careful. The expressed wisdom will help them solve emerging life problems more correctly and painlessly. Anticipate the consequences of certain decisions.

I had a question: why not pass on my many years of recordings to young people? The life experience of generations of peoples of the world in a large number of proverbs and sayings will serve not only to decorate their speech, but will certainly be important and useful in business and everyday life.

Russian speech is rich in figurative expressions, and a good proverb and saying hits not the eyebrow, but the eye.

By accumulating life experience, young people will make fewer mistakes, they will have fewer conflicts when communicating, and their lives will be calmer and more joyful.

Wisdom will come to them before old age. It should not be like this, as the French humanist philosopher and writer Michel de Montaigne noted: “We learn to live when our life has already passed.”

This collection includes wise sayings: from Russian and foreign periodicals; from speeches, performances, literary reference books; from the compilers of such collections. Most of the statements are sayings of scientists, philosophers, writers - N. M. Karamzin, V. T. Klyuchevsky, N. V. Gogol, M. Gorky, V. G. Belinsky, S. I. Ozhegov, K. D. Ushinsky , Plato, Aristotle, B. Shaw, E. Zola, W. Churchill and many others - more than 4 thousand people. Taking into account my extensive life and teaching experience, I also contributed a number of my thoughts.

I noticed that there are many statements on the same topics. If you combine them, you get a life chain-dialogue. At the same time, it is undesirable to indicate the author after each quote, since the chain of conversation is lost - the author’s inscription will distract the reader from the content and the meaning of this collection will be lost. Of the more than 5 thousand statements by scientists and public figures, most of them are unfamiliar to the general reader.

In this collection there are opposing opinions, and the reader must draw his own conclusions.

The collection includes many proverbs that enhance the expressiveness of the speaker’s language. They will help young people enrich and diversify their speech.

When compiling the collection, the goal was set: it is not so important who

said, but
what
is said is important.

The French philosopher Pierre de la Ramée argued that no authority should dominate reason.

If the reader is interested in the authors of the statements, he can turn to any source convenient for him for information.

It is very important not to read this book, as they say, “bingely,” but to be guided by the statement of the Dutch philosopher, writer and humanist Erasmus of Rotterdam: “You must think thoroughly so that what you read turns into your flesh and blood, and is not put together in one memory, like in some dictionary." Only then will you feel and understand all the wisdom of these statements.

This collection reflects about 70 topics - these are many aspects of our daily life - and more than five thousand wise sayings and sayings.

Virgil, the ancient Roman poet, noted that young readers need to consider that “no one can be either omniscient or omnipotent.” And Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, a French writer and natural scientist, said: “The authority of big names too often serves as the basis for delusions.”

I hope that this book will be on the table of many (and especially young readers) and will become a companion in life.

Proverbs and sayings

Proverb

- a short, rhythmically organized, stable in speech, figurative saying of the people.
Has the ability to use multiple meanings based on the principle of analogy. The proposition “They cut down the forest, the chips fly” is interesting not because of its direct meaning, but because it can be applied to other similar situations. The subject of the statement is considered in the light of the generally accepted truth expressed by the proverb. Hence its ideological and emotional character. The compositional division of judgment in a proverb, often supported by rhythm, rhyme, assonance, and alliteration, coincides with the syntactic division. A proverb
is a figurative expression that exists in speech for emotionally expressive assessments (for example, “I'm tired of it like a bitter radish” is an expression of annoyance).
Unlike a proverb - a whole judgment, a saying is always part of it. >>> • Who plants trees in the forest? Vietnamese • A mushroom is not bread, and a berry is not a herb Russians • No matter where you throw it to the poor, everything is upside down Ukrainian • Know the bald ones, don’t deceive the bald ones Russians • He is crazy Russian

Sayings, aphorisms and quotes about sayings.

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There is a saying that one must either speak well of the dead or say nothing. In my opinion, this is stupidity. The truth always remains the truth. For that matter, you have to restrain yourself when talking about the living. They can be offended - unlike the dead.

• Agatha Christie

Resentment and Offender, Difference, Saying

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65

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The brave are helped not only by fate, as the old proverb teaches, but much more by reasonable judgment.

• Marcus Tullius Cicero

Proverb, Fate, Judgment, Bravery and Cowardice

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65

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There is a saying that the most beautiful woman cannot give more than she has. This is completely wrong: she gives the man absolutely everything he expects from her, because in a relationship of this kind the imagination sets the price for what is received.

• Nicolas de Chamfort

Man and Woman, Saying, Price

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49

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— There is a saying that good Americans go to Paris when they die. What about the bad ones? - In America.

• Oscar Wilde

America, Paris, Proverb

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61

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There is a saying: “With someone you love, Heaven will be everywhere, even in a hut.” But how long this poor “paradise” will last, alas, not a word is said in it.

• Eduard A. Asadov

Money, Love, Saying

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74

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But what Russian literature and, by the way, Russian people cannot stand at all is a situation of expectation, a situation of gloomy foreboding. It always breeds silence. It is no coincidence that the Russian proverb says that there is nothing worse than waiting and catching up. And we don’t know how to wait at all, we don’t like it, we can’t stand it, and indeed, whoever suffers in advance suffers twice.

• Dmitry L. Bykov

Life Quotes, Waiting, Saying, Russian, Suffering

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44

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Among the mountaineers there is a saying not forgotten, born in the old days: To choose a horse, look at the hooves, To choose a friend, look into the heart. Remember this wisdom. And, since I remember, here’s another one for you: Don’t climb a mountain whose Top is not visible even at noon. All the wisdom will come in handy on the road, and the third one at the same time: Don’t climb into the lake to swim, When you don’t know how deep the bottom is. And finally, my last piece of advice: You are not alone in the world. Don’t do for other people forever what you don’t want for yourself.

• Rasul G. Gamzatov

Wisdom, Saying

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I really like the saying: “As things get worse, things will get better.” From time to time I ask myself if things really haven’t gotten any worse for us, because I really wish that everything would finally “get better.”

• Vincent Van Gogh

Ironic Quotes, Saying

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55

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Only kind and talented people can maintain majestic calm of spirit and humor in any, even the most difficult, circumstances. Proverbs, sayings, jokes, born in the depths of the masses, speak of a healthy, powerful organism.

• Vladimir I. Dal

People, Saying

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We diligently observe the light, Diligently we observe people, And we hope to comprehend miracles. What is the fruit of science over many years? What will the keen eyes finally spy? What will the arrogant mind finally understand At the height of all experiences and thoughts, What? - the exact meaning of the popular saying.

• Evgeny A. Baratynsky

Perception, Observation, Arrogance, Saying, Understanding

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There is an old saying: don’t peek through the keyhole and there will be no reason for grief. The biggest keyhole in human history is the Internet.

• Stephen E. King

Internet, Chagrin, Saying

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All nations have this saying: Out of sight, out of mind. I affirm that there is nothing more false in the world. The farther from the eyes, the closer to the heart. While in exile and in a foreign land, we lovingly cherish in our memory every little thing that reminds us of our homeland. Longing for separation from the one we love, we see dear features in every passerby on the street.

• Paulo Coelho

Love, Saying, Distance

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Only the experience of wars - piercing and bitter, Which looks like purgatory - Revealed to me the wisdom of the ancient saying: The eye sees the truth, the ear hears lies.

• Alexander Gitovich

Lie, Proverb, Truth

Folk signs

Sign

- in superstitious beliefs - a sign that foreshadows something (“Meeting a priest is a bad omen”).
A circumstance, a phenomenon that, according to popular beliefs, indicates the appearance of something, a connection with some other event. According to popular belief, if the winter is frosty, the summer will be hot. >>> • The smoke does not light up or goes out quickly - someone is sad without this person. Signs about yourself • Porridge coming out of the pot - unfortunately. Everyday signs • The bride is sitting at home - she will sit the groom out. Wedding signs • Wiping the table with paper means preparing for a quarrel with someone. Household signs • In November it may rain in the morning, and by the evening the snow may lie in drifts. Signs of November

Tongue Twisters

Patter

- a specific folklore expression-formula, built on special alliterations - deliberately complex sound combinations that are difficult to pronounce, especially quickly (such as “There is grass in the yard, there is firewood on the grass”).
The task of pronouncing a tongue twister without errors in one breath is the subject of a kind of game: if unsuccessful, the speaker stumbles into a phonetically incorrect version, distorting the form, depriving the words of their meaning, which produces a comic effect. According to Dahl, tongue twisters were composed “to exercise speed and pure pronunciation.” Along with tongue twisters, the content of which was completely subordinated to a given sound organization, there are tongue twisters, in the content of which one can see traces of ancient beliefs and rituals, concise formulations of everyday situations. Some tongue twisters had the character of proverbs, containing a figurative meaning (“You can’t change our sexton,” that is, you can’t change this person). >>> • The Ligurian traffic controller regulated in Liguria. • Bitter ocal near the Makarenko colony. • Margarita collected daisies on the mountain, Margarita lost daisies on the grass. • The Elector co-promoted the Landsknecht. • Prov Egorka brought a pile of firewood to the yard.